The Kyoto Protocol was the first step towards stabilizing global emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2). This runs out in 2012. The Copenhagen summit tried to extend this but failed. What impact has this on countries for introducing carbon regulation and what actions are required by companies striving to limit the enhanced greenhouse effect? This presentation details the impact of the Kyoto protocol and the failure of the Copenhagen summit in a number of areas of economics: i.e. financial markets, international trade, supply-chain management, cost analysis and financial reporting and assurance; as countries consider enacting carbon trading legislation. Many countries, business organizations and individuals appear to be woefully ill prepared to meet the challenges posed by the new paradigm of 'carbonomics'.

This lecture examines the Kyoto protocol and the failure of the Copenhagen summit and its likely impact on financial markets and the economy as countries consider enacting carbon trading legislation. And how many countries, business organizations and individuals appear to be woefully ill prepared to meet the challenges posed by 'carbonomics'.

Professor Janek Ratnatunga, MBA, PhD (Bradford), Dip. M, FCA, CPA, CMA, is the Head of the School of Commerce at the University of South Australia. Previously, he held the Chair in Business Accounting for 18 years at Monash University, Australia. He has also held academic positions at the University of Melbourne and the University of Canberra in Australia; and the Universities of Washington, Richmond and Rhode Island in the USA. He is currently the Editor of the Journal of Applied Management Accounting Research. He has authored/co-authored twenty-five books on strategic cost management, entrepreneurship, financial accounting, accounting theory and financial modelling; and over 200 academic and professional papers. He has worked in the profession as a Chartered Accountant with KPMG, and is a consultant for the World Bank. He has undertaken a major consultancy for the Australian Department of Defence in the valuation of strategic capabilities, and has valued the 'brand' capabilities of major Telecommunication and IT companies worldwide. He is also a world authority on the business and accounting implications of global warming and carbon trading. In January 2009, he was awarded the prestigious American Accounting Association's Impact on Management Accounting Practice Award. The award is given annually to a paper published within the last five years in a refereed academic journal that has the greatest potential impact on Management Accounting Practice.

With Doha still languishing in the doldrums, a range of free trade agreements, economic partnerships and related frameworks continue to pop up like mushrooms in the Asia-Pacific region, including in ASEAN 'Plus' context. Is there a point at which the international legal, economic and trading architecture can no longer cope with this level of proliferation within a multilateral setting. Is regionalism moving beyond parallelism and reaching the point of predominance?

Keith Wilson has been Senior International Trade Law Counsellor, Institute for International Trade (IIT) since May 2009. Keith is a lawyer with over twenty year's experience in international law and international relations in fields including international trade and development, transport, security and disarmament, and public accountability. He has held positions in the government and private sectors and in international organisations. He has been involved in a wide range of training programmes in countries throughout the Asia-Pacific region, and as a lecturer at universities and colleges in Europe, Australia, South and South-East Asia and the Pacific. He has degrees in Law and Arts from the University of Adelaide and a Master of Public International Law from Leiden University, the Netherlands. Keith has been heavily involved in the design and launch in 2010 of IIT's new multi-disciplinary Masters of International Trade and Development in Adelaide, South Australia.

An Indonesian sustainable city or ecological-city is a town or city that should be designed with consideration of ethnic diversities and environmental impact, inhabited by people dedicated to minimization of required inputs of energy, water and food, and waste output of heat, air pollution - CO2, methane, and water pollution. An Indonesian sustainable city should able to feed itself with minimal reliance on the surrounding countryside, and power itself with renewable sources of energy. The crux of this is to create the smallest possible ecological footprint, and to produce the lowest quantity of pollution possible, to efficiently use land; compost used materials, recycle it or convert waste-to-energy, and thus the city's overall contribution to climate change will be minimal, if such practices are adhered to.

It is estimated that more than 50% of the world’s population now lives in cities and urban areas. Essentially these large communities are unsustainable, but they provide both challenges and opportunities for environmentally conscious developers. In order to make them more sustainable, building design and practice, as well as perception and lifestyle must adopt sustainability thinking. For an example, support to the City of Ilaga, City of Tobelo, and City of Labuha for Sustainable City Planning with a focus on Mobility, Tourism, Agriculture and Land Use Planning is a collaborative project between the Government of Regency and the people. The terms 'sustainable city planning and Urban design' could be understood as processes that seek to enhance growth in ways that are equitable and do not exceed the carrying capacity of the social systems and eco systems on which we depend. The Sustainable City is a city that enhances the economic social, cultural and environmental wellbeing of current and future generations.

Rino Wicaksono commenced a PhD in Built Environment in 1999 at UniSA, however graduated from UniSA with a PhD in Planning in 2004. During study in Adelaide he was the Chairman for PPIA (Persatuan Pelajar Indonesia Australia) of South Australia and President of Indonesian Students Society (ISS) of UniSA.

Rino was a former Dean of the School of Civil Engineering and Planning, Vice President for Student Affairs, Vice President for Academic Affairs and Acting President of the Indonesia Institute of Technology (ITI) at Serpong, province of Banten.

Rino is also a very well connected and influential person in senior government circles. He is regularly called upon by central government’s departments and local governments to provide policy input.

Currently Rino is also the president of SII (SSEAYP International Indonesia) and CEO of Rural Urban Institute (RUI), the organization he just established.

Rino and his team have done some plans for several provinces, many plan documents for regencies and design many cities, among others are: Calang ‘Ecological’ City; Tobelo ‘Coconut’ City; Kao ‘Agropolitant’ City; Taria ‘Economic’ City; Kobakma ‘Cultural’ City, Labuha ‘Hoistoric’ City and; Ilaga ‘Cartenz’ City. Rino has also been producees Manual for government, among others are manual for: Squatters Area, Slums Area and Non-Green Open Space. And currently he is finishing Spatial Audit Manual.

Beside holding Indonesian Senior Planner Certificate from Government and Indonesian Association of Planners, Rino is on the Honorary Council of the IAI (Ikatan Arsitek Indonesia), the Indonesian Institute of Architect, Banten Chapter. IAI was officially established on September 17, 1959 in Bandung. IAI consists of more than 9000 architects who are registered through local management boards of which there are 26 boards and 2 branches spread across Indonesia, and one of the biggest is the IAI Banten.

The aquaculture industry contributes significantly to the economy of southern Australia. While expansion of the industry has been based on new aquaculture developments over the past twenty years, it is now widely accepted that future growth will depend largely on innovative approaches to production and value-adding. The aquaculture industry, government and academic institutions also recognize that biosecurity and the maintenance of ecosystem services are essential to ensuring the profitability of the aquaculture sector. Collaborative efforts between industry, government and academic institutions are underway that aim to position South Australia as a world class centre for marine science, education and industry development. Recent developments and trends in the South Australian aquaculture industry will be the focus of this presentation and discussion.

Dr Bolton received his PhD from Flinders University in 1998. His PhD research examined aspects of the physics and physiology ciliary feeding in marine invertebrates. He subsequently conducted research in the USA on the mechanics and evolution of biological composite materials and the population genetics of invasive marine species. Since 2004 he has managed the Lincoln Marine Science Centre in South Australia and been a lecturer at Flinders University. He is currently active in research into the reproductive biology of southern bluefin tuna, fisheries ecology and the reproductive biology of highly endemic marine invertebrates in southern Australia. His PhD students are conducting research into captive breeding of southern bluefin tuna and the reproductive ecology of western king prawns and the world’s smallest sea star. Dr Bolton is involved in work aimed at growing the seafood and aquaculture industries in South Australia through the development of innovative technologies under the collaborative Marine Innovation South Australia program.